Rotavirus prevalence with G and P genotypes circulated in different regions of India: Prevalence of Rotavirus A in India

Zunjar Baburao Dubal; Bilal Ahmad Malla; Kiran Narayan   Bhilegaonkar; V. V Sailaja; Papri  Pal; Jyotsna  Kapil; Shriya  Rawat; Y.P.S Malik

doi:10.62310/liab.v5i2.210

Authors

Zunjar Baburao Dubal ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka- 560064, India
Bilal Ahmad Malla Department of Veterinary Technology, Higher Education Department, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-8704
Kiran Narayan Bhilegaonkar Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly- 243 122, India
V. V Sailaja Department of Microbiology, Niloufer Children Hospital, Red Hills, Baazar Ghat, Lakdi ka Pul, Hyderabad - 500 004, Andhra Pradesh, India
Papri Pal Animal Health Section, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Gangtok-737102, Sikkim, India
Jyotsna Kapil Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, 5th Mile, Tadong, Gangtok-737102, Sikkim, India https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0473-400X
Shriya Rawat Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly- 243 122, India https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1546-9405
Y.P.S Malik ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteshwar-263138, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2832-4854

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62310/liab.v5i2.210

Keywords:

Rotavirus, Genotyping, PAGE, RT-PCR, Prevalence

Abstract

Rotaviruses are widely acknowledged as the prime cause of severe gastroenteritis in children globally especially in under developed countries. This contemporary study presents data on the prevalence and genotypic distribution of human group A rotaviruses across various regions of India. 217 fecal samples were collected entirely from children and adults over 5 years of age from the Western (n=30), Southern (n=98), and North-Eastern Hill (NEH) (n=89) regions/zones of India and tested for the presence of rotaviruses. The RNA extracted from these stool samples was analyzed using Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Rotaviruses were identified in 20.27% of the samples through PAGE and/or RT-PCR, with the highest detection rate of 41.37% observed in the Western region, followed by 17.34% in the Southern zone/ region, and 18.98% in the NEH region. A higher prevalence of 27.38% was observed in males than female children (14.06%), especially during winter (November to March) (34.84%) followed by April to June (15.62%). A total of fifteen samples were successfully typed for the G genotype, and six for the P genotype, through amplification and subsequent sequencing of VP4 and VP7gene products. The prevalent G genotypes detected were G1, succeeded by G12 and G11, with one sample each also identifying G2 and G10. Amid P genotypes, P[6] was the most prevailing genotype, while P[4] and P[8] were each recognised in a single sample. The dominant genotype was G1P[6], with one sample showing a G1P[4] combination, and two samples exhibiting G11P[6] and G11P[8] combinations, which are rarely reported in India.

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