Role of probiotics in the control of Salmonella infections in animals and humans: Probiotics in control of Salmonella infections

Ahsan  Fayyaz; Jannat   Fatima; Sara   Mahmood; Yarfa   Khurram; Gull  Naz; Riffat Shamim  Aslam; Ayesha   Sarwar; Fatima   Sarwar; Yusra   Israr; Ayesha   Israr; Afaq  Ahmad; Abdul   Rafay; Tehreem shehzad

doi:10.62310/liab.v5i2.202

Authors

Ahsan Fayyaz Department of Livestock and Poultry Production, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7473-6799
Jannat Fatima Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore (UOL), Pakistan https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6512-7685
Sara Mahmood Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9512-3911
Yarfa Khurram Department of Pharmacy, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9129-0498
Gull Naz Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
Riffat Shamim Aslam Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-0357
Ayesha Sarwar Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
Fatima Sarwar Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Yusra Israr Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4191-3572
Ayesha Israr Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7670-2249
Afaq Ahmad Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9136-2092
Abdul Rafay Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
Tehreem shehzad Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2522-0875

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62310/liab.v5i2.202

Keywords:

Salmonella, Antibiotics, Probiotics, Drug resistance, Alternatives

Abstract

Salmonella infections pose a significant threat to human and animal health, leading to foodborne illnesses, economic losses in the livestock industry, and challenges in public health management. Various chemical drugs including antibiotics have been used to control Salmonella infections but overuse of these drugs has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, necessitating alternative strategies. Probiotics have emerged as the best alternative in controlling Salmonella infections because they promote gut health in both humans and animals. Probiotics are best because they are involved in enhancing modulation of gut microbiota, production of antimicrobial compounds, and immunity stimulant, thereby inhibiting Salmonella colonization and reducing infection severity. Different probiotic strains, especially Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, have shown efficacy in reducing Salmonella shedding and improving gut health in livestock, ultimately lowering zoonotic transmission risks. This review study explores the mechanisms by which probiotics combat Salmonella, and their various effects including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-hypocholesterolemia, and anti-allergic. Understanding the role of probiotics in preventing and managing Salmonella infections can contribute to improving food safety, reducing antibiotic resistance, and enhancing animal and human health.

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